X-rays are light with wavelength about five thousand times shorter than blue. ![]() For example, a radio wave is light with a wavelength of about one metre, or one million times larger than visible colour red. The point about thinking of wavelengths rather than colours is that you can now extend the idea to any wavelength size, rather than having to stick to those that we can see. Each colour has a wavelength associated with it, for example blue light corresponds to about one third of one millionth of a metre, and red light to about twice that. The Sun emits mostly yellow light, but we can see a small range of colours around that, starting from the blue, through yellow, to red. In fact almost everything we see is light which originally came from the Sun and has reflected from some other object around us. It turns out that the human eye is tuned (by evolution) to detect the light that is emitted by the Sun - what we call 'visible light'. Lightning is an example of electrical energy in nature.Visible light The sky as it appears at microwave wavelengths Typically, the energy in sound is smaller than in other forms of energy.Įlectrical energy is delivered by tiny charged particles called electrons, typically moving through a wire. The energy is transferred through the substance in a wave. Sound is produced when a force causes an object or substance to vibrate. Sound is energy moving through substances in longitudinal (compression/rarefaction) waves. A dramatic example of motion energy is a car crash-a car comes to a total stop and releases all of its motion energy at once in an uncontrolled instant. It takes energy to get an object moving, and energy is released when an object slows down. The faster they move, the more energy is stored. Motion energy is energy stored in moving objects. ![]() Geothermal energy is the thermal energy in the earth. ![]() Heat increases when these particles move faster. Thermal energy, or heat, is the energy that comes from the movement of atoms and molecules in a substance. Sunshine is radiant energy, which provides the fuel and warmth that make life on earth possible. Radiant energy includes visible light, x-rays, gamma rays, and radio waves. Radiant energy is electromagnetic energy that travels in transverse waves. Kinetic energy is the motion of waves, electrons, atoms, molecules, substances, and objects. Hydropower is another example of gravitational energy, where gravity forces water down through a hydroelectric turbine to produce electricity. When a person rides a bicycle down a steep hill and picks up speed, the gravitational energy is converting to motion energy. The higher and heavier the object, the more gravitational energy is stored. ![]() Gravitational energy is energy stored in an object's height. Large amounts of energy can be released when the nuclei are combined or split apart. Nuclear energy is energy stored in the nucleus of an atom-the energy that holds the nucleus together. Compressed springs and stretched rubber bands are examples of stored mechanical energy. Mechanical energy is energy stored in objects by tension. For example, chemical energy is converted to thermal energy when people burn wood in a fireplace or burn gasoline in a car's engine. Batteries, biomass, petroleum, natural gas, and coal are examples of chemical energy. Potential energy is stored energy and the energy of position.Ĭhemical energy is energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules.
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